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Table 15 Formula predicted change in pounds/4 years of selected foods based on the DCCT and FAO/WHO macronutrient intake analyses versus the Harvard diet lifestyle study data

From: Future body mass index modelling based on macronutrient profiles and physical activity

Dietary category

Kcals

Total carbs /fiber ratio

Total fats/PUFA ratio

FAO/WHO pounds change/4 years

DCCT pounds change/4 yrs

Average DCCT and FAO/WHO estimates

Harvard study pounds change /4 yrs

Fruits

68.5

5.67

6.16

−0.15

−0.21

−0.18

−0.49

Vegetables

40.8

4.06

2.33

−0.68

−0.75

−0.71

−0.22

Nuts

172

3.06

3.51

−1.11

−0.98

−1.04

−0.57

Whole grains

142

6.43

3.12

−1.04

−1.00

−1.02

−0.37

Refined grains

128

27.7

3.35

0.01

0.20

0.09

0.39

Sugary beverages (12 oz)

150

∞

NA

1.27

1.60

1.44

1.00

100% fruit juice

116

50.0

3.80

0.79

1.05

0.92

0.31

Non caloric diet soda (12 oz)

0

NA

NA

0.00

0.00

0.00

−0.11

Sweets or desserts

204

37.1

15.8

0.79

0.51

0.65

0.41

Unprocessed meats

283

NA

13.4

0.75

0.61

0.68

0.95

Processed meats

341

35

10.8

0.71

0.37

0.54

0.93

Whole-fat dairy foods

104

∞

28.5

0.90

0.57

0.74

0.10

Butter (1 tbsp)

108

NA

27.1

1.53

0.63

1.08

0.30

Cheese

107

∞

30.2

0.89

0.56

0.73

0.02

Whole-fat milk

156

∞

18.8

1.32

1.00

1.16

−0.06

Low-fat dairy foods

96.6

∞

30.7

0.44

0.66

0.55

−0.05

Low-fat or skim milk

108

∞

27.4

0.50

0.68

0.59

0.06

Low-fat yogurt

79.7

∞

30.0

0.40

0.61

0.51

−0.82

Potato chips

157

13.5

7.27

0.81

0.38

0.60

1.69

Potato with skin

171

10.1

2.22

−0.08

−0.15

−0.12

0.57

Potatoes French fried

180

11.4

15.1

0.50

0.15

0.32

3.35

Alcohol (14.2 g)

124

∞

-

2.93

−2.57

0.18

0.41