Figure 4

Facial form change, asymmetry and discordancy. Facial form change, asymmetry and discordancy of a 19 year old woman with a right hemimandibular hypertrophy. Top Row: Assessment of facial change due to surgical intervention. (a) Pre-surgical facial surface, representing the norm. (b) Dysmorphogram of facial change, depicting the features that changed. (c) Post-surgical facial surface. Middle Row: Assessment of facial asymmetry. (d) Original facial surface being the norm. With a robustly obtained mid-facial line (blue) and skewed symmetry line (red) obtained with an original Procrustes-fit. (e) Dysmorphogram of facial asymmetry, depicting the asymmetrical features. (f) Mirrored facial surface, according to the blue mid-facial line. Bottom Row: Assessment of facial discordancy (g) Pre-surgical facial surface to assess (i) Norm-equivalent of the Pre-surgical facial surface, being the norm (h) Dysmorphogram of facial discordancy, depicting the features that are considered abnormal compared to a normative reference population.