Figure 6
From: Further suggestions on the group-theoretical approach using clinical values
Example of a modified Esophagus 7th edition, TNM definitions. A reclassification of malignant tumors of the esophagus is presented. We have added a ‘T0’ entry. Then, the ‘T’ entries are graduated over the range 0–7 (8 grades), ‘N’ over 0–3 (4 grades) and ‘M’ (defined in two ways, for ‘M1a’ and ‘M1b’) over 0–1 (2 grades). According to the number of respective criteria, modulo addition can be introduced and a combination of modular groups, group C = {Cj | Cj ∈ Z8×Z4×Z2×Z2}, signifying that the set of all composited histological disease states of malignant tumors is definable.