Table 6 Immune system model and antibiotics pharmacological effect model parameters

k _pm

0.6/M-units/h

Rate at which the non-specific local response(M) eliminates pathogen

[15]

k _mp

0.01/P-units/h

Rate at which the non-specific local response is exhauseted by pathogen

[15]

k _pn

1.8/N*-units/h

Rate at which activated phagocytes(N*) consume pathogen

[15]

p _∞

20·10⁶/cc

Maximum pathogen population

[15]

s _m

0.005/M-units/h

Source of non-specific local response

[15]

μ _m

0.002/h

Decay rate for the non-specific local response

[15]

s _nr

0.08N_R-units/h

Source of resting phagocytes

[15]

μ _nr

0.12/h

Decay rate of resting phagocytes

[15]

μ _n

0.05/h

Decay rate of activated phagocytes

[15]

k _dn

0.35D-units/h

Maximum rate of damage produced by activated phagocytes

[15]

μ _d

0.02/h

Decay rate of damage

[15]

k _cn

0.04/C_A-units/h

Maximum production rate of the anti-inflammatory mediator

[15]

k _cnd

48N*-units/D-units

Relative effectiveness of activated phagocytes and damaged tissue in inducing production of the anti-inflammatory mediator

[15]

s _c

0.0125C_A-units/h

Source of the anti-inflammatory mediator

[15]

μ _c

0.1/h

Decay rate of the anti-inflammatory meditor

[15]

k _nn

0.01/N*-units/h

Activation of resting phagocytes by previously activated phagocytes and their cytokines

[15]

k _np

0.1/P-units/h

Activation of resting phagocytes(N_R)by pathogen

[15]

k _nd

0.02/D-units/h

Activation of resting phagocytes by damage(D)

[15]

c _∞

0.28C_A-units

Controls the strength of the anti-inflammatory mediator(C_A)

[15]

x _dn

0.06N*-units

Determines level of activated phagocytes needed to bring damage production up to half its maximum

[15]

k

25

Coefficient for S_rate

Estimated

k ₀

18

Coefficient for S_d

Estimated

k _D

0.35/h

Coefficient of S_d for D

Estimated

S ₀

73.8ml

Normal value of stroke volume S

Estimated by[32]

k _a

1/h

Absorption rate constant from the gut compartment to the central compartment

[23]

k _e

1/h

Elimination rate constant from the central compartment

[23]

f _p

1

Free fraction in plasma

[23]

V _d

1l/kg

Distribution volume

[23]

ε

0.01/h

Maximum kill rate constant

[13]

γ

0.5

Hill coefficient

[13]