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Table 4 Summary of estimates in Canada during 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 influenza seasons. Values reported as estimated baseline value and range from variation of recovery rate γ (see section “Sensitivity analysis” for the details of sensitivity analysis)

From: Quantifying the annual incidence and underestimation of seasonal influenza: A modelling approach

Seasonal influenza in Canada: 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 influenza seasons

Laboratory-confirmed infections*

10,271

26,671

Estimates generated from modified CDC-defined influenza in RCT

Season

2011-12

2012-13

Percent of influenza cases captured in surveillance

2.6% (2.1−3.2%)

1.2% (0.98−1.2%)

Expansion factor

37.9 (31.0−46.8)

84.8 (69.1−102.6)

Estimated symptomatic influenza illnesses

3.9×105 (3.2×105−4.8×105)

2.3×106 (1.8×106−2.7×106)

Basic reproduction number

1.22 (1.22−1.22)

1.19 (1.19−1.19)

Estimates generated from respiratory illness associated influenza in RCT

Season

2011-12

2012-13

Percent of influenza cases captured in surveillance

0.51% (0.42−0.63%)

0.4% (0.33−0.49%)

Expansion factor

195.1 (159.3−236.1)

252.9 (206.3−306.1)

Estimated symptomatic influenza illnesses

2.0×106 (1.6×106−2.4×106)

6.7×106 (5.5×106−8.2×106)

Basic reproduction number

1.22 (1.22−1.22)

1.19 (1.19−1.19)

  1. *indicates infections recorded in Public Health Agency of Canada’s final seasonal FluWatch report [19]