Fig. 4

Real-data example of a single-component VEMP. The figure is organized in basically the same way as Fig. 3. The time domain is considered on the left, the frequency domain on the right. The measured data are represented by the black curves in c and e, which show the VEMP and the square root of the EMG power spectrum, respectively. The rate modulation shown in a and d was optimized so that the frequency-domain representation of the predicted VEMP, shown as a dotted (red) curve in f, optimally corresponded to the modulus of the Fourier transform of the measured VEMP (black curve in f). Deconvolution of the measured VEMP with the estimated rate modulation yielded an estimate of the MUAP (dashed curve in b)